Pairwise course analysis
Groton Schoolvs.Milton Standard 5K
Based on runners who competed on both courses during the same season. Positive values mean the second course ran slower; negative values mean it ran faster.
Model verdict
Milton Standard 5K runs slower
+0.50%
Roughly 6.0 seconds slower for a 20:00 runner
Paired observations
190
Deep evidence
Median difference
+0.62%
Middle runner-season comparison
Overall estimate
+0.50%
Network-adjusted course estimate
Middle 50% range
+4.46%
Observed variation (IQR)
Direction and magnitude
Relative course speed
Milton Standard 5K fasterEvenMilton Standard 5K slower
Confidence interval
+0.34% to +1.64%
Scale shown
-5% to +5%
Course context
The two courses
Underlying runner comparisons
Same-season evidence
Each row represents one runner-season with valid results on both courses. Median performances reduce the effect of one unusually good or poor race. JV and varsity results are included.
| Runner | Season | Groton School | Milton Standard 5K | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emre Sahin | 2025 | 25:31.001 race | 21:15.001 race | -16.72% |
| Taylor Armstead | 2021 | 38:46.001 race | 35:06.001 race | -9.46% |
| Daniel Chow | 2025 | 32:20.001 race | 29:18.001 race | -9.38% |
| Allis Seifer | 2025 | 32:45.001 race | 29:51.001 race | -8.85% |
| Caroline Stilwell | 2025 | 25:23.001 race | 23:51.001 race | -6.04% |
| Marvelous Ugwu | 2025 | 25:24.001 race | 23:54.001 race | -5.91% |
| Brooke Hansen | 2023 | 24:49.001 race | 23:22.001 race | -5.84% |
| Justin Lin | 2024 | 24:42.001 race | 23:22.001 race | -5.40% |
| Lindsey Bennett | 2023 | 23:30.001 race | 22:22.001 race | -4.82% |
| Immy Serifovic | 2021 | 24:22.001 race | 23:14.002 races | -4.65% |
| Colleen Leary | 2023 | 25:09.001 race | 24:02.001 race | -4.44% |
| Charles Jackivicz | 2023 | 18:50.001 race | 18:02.001 race | -4.25% |
| Stella Pham | 2025 | 27:06.001 race | 25:57.001 race | -4.24% |
| Jake Devries | 2023 | 21:32.001 race | 20:39.001 race | -4.10% |
| Matthew Abati | 2021 | 21:23.001 race | 20:36.002 races | -3.66% |
| Jaden Smith | 2023 | 19:23.001 race | 18:41.001 race | -3.61% |
| Chase Phillips | 2025 | 19:41.001 race | 19:00.001 race | -3.47% |
| Kiernan Patel | 2025 | 22:30.001 race | 21:48.001 race | -3.11% |
| Jack Kastner | 2022 | 21:33.001 race | 20:53.001 race | -3.09% |
| Alexander Zhao | 2025 | 23:04.001 race | 22:22.001 race | -3.03% |
| Alex Tobias | 2021 | 17:47.001 race | 17:15.001 race | -3.00% |
| Nicolas Huaco | 2023 | 17:56.001 race | 17:24.001 race | -2.97% |
| Wesley Lindstrom-Chalpin | 2022 | 24:42.001 race | 23:58.001 race | -2.97% |
| Ana Quijano | 2023 | 26:59.001 race | 26:11.001 race | -2.96% |
| Adyson Duval | 2021 | 27:46.001 race | 27:00.001 race | -2.76% |
| Erin Green | 2023 | 26:38.001 race | 25:54.001 race | -2.75% |
| Julian Barber | 2025 | 20:18.001 race | 19:46.001 race | -2.63% |
| Celine Ding | 2025 | 27:08.001 race | 26:26.001 race | -2.58% |
| Haewon Kim | 2025 | 32:28.001 race | 31:39.001 race | -2.52% |
| Sam Blank | 2024 | 18:39.001 race | 18:12.001 race | -2.41% |
| Zoe Campbell | 2021 | 21:37.001 race | 21:07.002 races | -2.31% |
| Katalin (Kata) Clark | 2021 | 19:39.001 race | 19:12.001 race | -2.29% |
| Alyssa Ho | 2023 | 25:40.001 race | 25:05.001 race | -2.27% |
| Ethan Gu | 2025 | 20:58.001 race | 20:31.001 race | -2.15% |
| Thomas Valderrama | 2023 | 21:01.001 race | 20:34.001 race | -2.14% |
| Evi Robb | 2023 | 24:46.001 race | 24:15.001 race | -2.09% |
| Presley Bruno | 2025 | 25:25.001 race | 24:55.001 race | -1.97% |
| Linda Wang | 2025 | 29:50.001 race | 29:15.001 race | -1.96% |
| Aly Correia | 2024 | 26:12.001 race | 25:44.001 race | -1.78% |
| Torey Mathews | 2021 | 26:07.001 race | 25:40.002 races | -1.72% |
| Elizabeth Lapides | 2024 | 23:22.001 race | 22:58.001 race | -1.71% |
| Luke Peabody | 2023 | 19:36.001 race | 19:16.001 race | -1.70% |
| Brady Gomez | 2025 | 26:17.001 race | 25:51.001 race | -1.65% |
| Alex Kovtunenko | 2024 | 22:50.001 race | 22:28.001 race | -1.61% |
| Alitza Soiffer | 2021 | 27:14.001 race | 26:48.001 race | -1.59% |
| Justin Jang | 2024 | 19:08.001 race | 18:50.001 race | -1.57% |
| Rachel Bueker | 2024 | 26:28.001 race | 26:04.001 race | -1.51% |
| James Good | 2021 | 20:40.001 race | 20:22.002 races | -1.45% |
| Elliot Smith | 2021 | 20:55.001 race | 20:37.001 race | -1.43% |
| Lukas Leibisch | 2024 | 22:38.001 race | 22:19.001 race | -1.40% |
| Jeremy Eaton | 2022 | 20:17.001 race | 20:00.001 race | -1.40% |
| Annabel McNamara | 2023 | 26:28.001 race | 26:06.001 race | -1.39% |
| Angelina Ha | 2024 | 22:57.001 race | 22:38.001 race | -1.38% |
| Jeremy Bullock | 2023 | 16:43.001 race | 16:30.001 race | -1.30% |
| Alex Young | 2024 | 18:34.001 race | 18:20.001 race | -1.26% |
| Alexa Burton | 2021 | 23:51.001 race | 23:35.002 races | -1.12% |
| James Lyman | 2021 | 20:55.001 race | 20:41.001 race | -1.12% |
| Allan Lu | 2025 | 24:11.001 race | 23:55.001 race | -1.10% |
| Andrew Bittner | 2022 | 19:51.001 race | 19:41.001 race | -0.84% |
| Nick Noon | 2025 | 26:13.001 race | 26:00.001 race | -0.83% |
| Michael Bobo | 2022 | 20:49.001 race | 20:39.001 race | -0.80% |
| Cate Corbett | 2025 | 21:15.001 race | 21:05.001 race | -0.78% |
| Ryan Shue | 2021 | 21:17.001 race | 21:08.002 races | -0.70% |
| Anika Ata | 2025 | 21:54.001 race | 21:45.001 race | -0.68% |
| Ian Schmidek | 2022 | 26:48.001 race | 26:37.001 race | -0.68% |
| Zebediah Stewart | 2021 | 18:17.001 race | 18:10.001 race | -0.64% |
| Isla Scott | 2024 | 23:42.001 race | 23:33.001 race | -0.63% |
| Jude Hebb | 2025 | 20:18.001 race | 20:11.001 race | -0.57% |
| Pipsa Palatsi | 2025 | 21:56.001 race | 21:49.001 race | -0.53% |
| Cassidy Bruno | 2025 | 20:16.001 race | 20:10.001 race | -0.49% |
| Jason Minicozzi | 2024 | 16:54.001 race | 16:49.001 race | -0.49% |
| Lauren Puglia | 2021 | 22:09.001 race | 22:03.001 race | -0.45% |
| Brendan Brosnan | 2023 | 19:04.001 race | 18:59.001 race | -0.44% |
| Carver Porter | 2022 | 19:54.001 race | 19:49.001 race | -0.42% |
| Jessie Hoffman | 2025 | 28:01.001 race | 27:54.001 race | -0.42% |
| Benjamin Hebbel | 2023 | 17:31.001 race | 17:27.001 race | -0.38% |
| Ryan Wei | 2021 | 18:05.001 race | 18:02.003 races | -0.28% |
| Casey Coleman | 2025 | 20:12.001 race | 20:11.001 race | -0.08% |
| Monica Mukherjee | 2021 | 22:09.001 race | 22:08.001 race | -0.08% |
| Olivia Oates | 2025 | 27:49.001 race | 27:49.001 race | 0.00% |
| Reagan Whitaker | 2024 | 26:23.001 race | 26:23.001 race | 0.00% |
| Megan Corry | 2023 | 25:16.001 race | 25:17.001 race | +0.07% |
| Tori Duckworth | 2021 | 22:59.001 race | 23:01.001 race | +0.15% |
| Peyton Dahmen | 2021 | 22:17.001 race | 22:19.001 race | +0.15% |
| Noah Divon | 2023 | 22:03.001 race | 22:05.001 race | +0.15% |
| Steve Ma | 2025 | 22:07.001 race | 22:10.001 race | +0.23% |
| Stella Curwin-Amfitheatrof | 2025 | 19:12.001 race | 19:15.001 race | +0.26% |
| Dylan Fu | 2025 | 19:42.001 race | 19:46.001 race | +0.34% |
| Olivia Standish | 2024 | 24:21.001 race | 24:26.001 race | +0.34% |
| Reuben Siegel | 2022 | 23:07.001 race | 23:14.001 race | +0.50% |
| Violet Safari | 2025 | 24:46.001 race | 24:54.001 race | +0.54% |
| Kevin Farmer | 2021 | 21:26.001 race | 21:33.002 races | +0.54% |
| Aaron Stanger | 2022 | 17:40.001 race | 17:46.001 race | +0.57% |
| Evan Ning | 2021 | 23:21.001 race | 23:29.002 races | +0.57% |
| Jovic Stachelski | 2025 | 19:02.001 race | 19:09.001 race | +0.61% |
| Chloe Catalano | 2023 | 26:50.001 race | 27:00.001 race | +0.62% |
| Robert Sou | 2025 | 19:56.001 race | 20:04.001 race | +0.67% |
| Yaman Habip | 2021 | 19:14.001 race | 19:22.002 races | +0.69% |
| Omar Hamoda | 2021 | 21:28.001 race | 21:37.002 races | +0.70% |
| Sunny Qian | 2025 | 19:49.001 race | 19:58.001 race | +0.76% |
| Jessica Wu | 2025 | 27:27.001 race | 27:40.001 race | +0.79% |
| Wes Shaller | 2024 | 21:06.001 race | 21:16.001 race | +0.79% |
| Evan Wirth | 2021 | 19:05.001 race | 19:15.001 race | +0.87% |
| Angela Huffer | 2025 | 21:43.001 race | 21:55.001 race | +0.92% |
| Eliza Barker | 2021 | 24:52.001 race | 25:06.001 race | +0.94% |
| Alexa Meekins | 2023 | 26:19.001 race | 26:37.001 race | +1.14% |
| Brandon Spector-Townsend | 2021 | 20:20.001 race | 20:34.001 race | +1.15% |
| Taylor Hauff | 2024 | 23:12.001 race | 23:30.001 race | +1.29% |
| Natalie Williamson | 2021 | 20:19.001 race | 20:35.003 races | +1.31% |
| Louis Chiasson | 2021 | 20:15.001 race | 20:31.003 races | +1.32% |
| Davis Woolbert | 2022 | 17:48.001 race | 18:03.001 race | +1.40% |
| Zoe Wilmerding | 2021 | 24:51.001 race | 25:12.001 race | +1.41% |
| William Trautz | 2022 | 17:20.001 race | 17:35.001 race | +1.44% |
| Kenzie Murphy | 2023 | 21:22.001 race | 21:41.001 race | +1.48% |
| Terry Qi | 2025 | 19:00.001 race | 19:17.001 race | +1.49% |
| Eloise Finley | 2025 | 24:51.001 race | 25:14.001 race | +1.54% |
| Madi Pugatch | 2024 | 27:34.001 race | 28:00.001 race | +1.57% |
| Talia Frieze | 2024 | 25:10.001 race | 25:34.001 race | +1.59% |
| Steven Silvers | 2023 | 19:21.001 race | 19:40.001 race | +1.64% |
| Fitz Courtney | 2022 | 17:30.001 race | 17:48.001 race | +1.71% |
| Kendra Snell | 2024 | 20:24.001 race | 20:45.001 race | +1.72% |
| Maksim Roman | 2022 | 19:08.001 race | 19:28.001 race | +1.74% |
| Aston Chan | 2021 | 18:07.001 race | 18:26.003 races | +1.75% |
| Theo Martin | 2025 | 21:19.001 race | 21:42.001 race | +1.80% |
| Daniel Xie | 2022 | 22:08.001 race | 22:33.001 race | +1.88% |
| Sebastien Amor | 2025 | 17:42.001 race | 18:02.001 race | +1.88% |
| Lucas Miller | 2025 | 18:17.001 race | 18:38.001 race | +1.91% |
| Claire Choe | 2021 | 21:15.001 race | 21:40.003 races | +1.96% |
| Braeden Moitoso | 2022 | 19:18.001 race | 19:41.001 race | +1.99% |
| Ezra Lee | 2022 | 19:33.001 race | 19:57.001 race | +2.05% |
| Eric Liu | 2023 | 21:41.001 race | 22:08.001 race | +2.08% |
| Alexei Liska | 2025 | 21:32.001 race | 21:59.001 race | +2.09% |
| Connor Steele | 2021 | 18:38.001 race | 19:03.003 races | +2.24% |
| Evan Schneider | 2023 | 21:21.001 race | 21:51.001 race | +2.34% |
| Kiera Furness | 2023 | 30:17.001 race | 31:00.001 race | +2.37% |
| Miles Sandoski | 2022 | 16:58.001 race | 17:23.001 race | +2.46% |
| Sebastian Keleher | 2023 | 22:20.001 race | 22:53.001 race | +2.46% |
| Alexander Cesaretti | 2021 | 19:57.001 race | 20:29.002 races | +2.67% |
| Kate Tarr | 2025 | 20:40.001 race | 21:14.001 race | +2.74% |
| Luke Driscoll | 2023 | 19:21.001 race | 19:53.001 race | +2.76% |
| Nathaniel Voss | 2022 | 18:02.001 race | 18:33.001 race | +2.87% |
| Evan Zhang | 2021 | 19:58.001 race | 20:33.002 races | +2.92% |
| Evan Salhanick | 2021 | 19:45.001 race | 20:20.001 race | +2.95% |
| Jackson Pagan | 2022 | 18:37.001 race | 19:10.001 race | +2.95% |
| Alex DeChiara | 2025 | 20:51.001 race | 21:29.001 race | +3.04% |
| Alexander Behn | 2022 | 18:44.001 race | 19:21.001 race | +3.29% |
| Teddy Ellis | 2021 | 18:24.001 race | 19:02.003 races | +3.44% |
| Ellie Rankin | 2024 | 29:00.001 race | 30:00.001 race | +3.45% |
| Anthony Coston | 2022 | 21:09.001 race | 21:53.001 race | +3.47% |
| Nate Hagerty | 2025 | 18:07.001 race | 18:45.001 race | +3.50% |
| Gabriel (Gabby) Guerrero | 2021 | 17:20.001 race | 17:58.003 races | +3.65% |
| Alexander Kirby | 2022 | 20:44.001 race | 21:32.001 race | +3.86% |
| Vincent Gilbert | 2025 | 20:31.001 race | 21:19.001 race | +3.90% |
| Luca Mezzanotte | 2022 | 19:54.001 race | 20:41.001 race | +3.94% |
| Akshaya Sundraraj | 2021 | 32:30.001 race | 33:47.002 races | +3.95% |
| Lawrence Chen | 2025 | 26:11.001 race | 27:15.001 race | +4.07% |
| Myles McCusker | 2022 | 21:03.001 race | 21:55.001 race | +4.12% |
| Adrian Tan | 2022 | 23:18.001 race | 24:16.001 race | +4.15% |
| Alana Brownstein | 2025 | 25:19.001 race | 26:26.001 race | +4.41% |
| Sam Dunn | 2021 | 18:15.001 race | 19:04.002 races | +4.47% |
| Lexi Hinck | 2025 | 25:20.001 race | 26:30.001 race | +4.61% |
| Joshua White | 2022 | 23:29.001 race | 24:35.001 race | +4.68% |
| Rhaya Nestor | 2025 | 24:31.001 race | 25:42.001 race | +4.83% |
| Jack Bradner | 2021 | 21:42.001 race | 22:46.002 races | +4.92% |
| Nicole Fallon | 2025 | 22:40.001 race | 23:49.001 race | +5.07% |
| Ruby Tsai | 2021 | 24:04.001 race | 25:18.002 races | +5.12% |
| Ching Hei (Andre) Leung | 2021 | 30:32.001 race | 32:07.001 race | +5.19% |
| Julia Torrey | 2021 | 21:19.001 race | 22:29.003 races | +5.47% |
| Ellie Sullivan | 2021 | 26:36.001 race | 28:04.002 races | +5.51% |
| Kailin Shi | 2021 | 22:56.001 race | 24:12.003 races | +5.52% |
| Gratian Ting | 2021 | 23:35.001 race | 24:55.002 races | +5.65% |
| Alyssa McGuirl | 2023 | 27:05.001 race | 28:49.001 race | +6.40% |
| Myles Ndiritu | 2021 | 21:44.001 race | 23:10.002 races | +6.60% |
| Charlie Gilman | 2023 | 24:40.001 race | 26:18.001 race | +6.62% |
| Tobias Jonas | 2022 | 22:10.001 race | 23:40.001 race | +6.77% |
| Andy Seals | 2021 | 19:16.001 race | 20:35.001 race | +6.83% |
| Sonya Martin | 2021 | 28:30.001 race | 30:35.001 race | +7.31% |
| Davin Roy | 2022 | 22:18.001 race | 23:57.001 race | +7.40% |
| Zidan Graham | 2021 | 27:20.001 race | 29:22.001 race | +7.44% |
| Myles McCusker | 2025 | 20:01.001 race | 21:33.001 race | +7.66% |
| Emmett Kellogg | 2025 | 24:34.001 race | 26:51.001 race | +9.29% |
| Alan Wang | 2025 | 23:29.001 race | 25:41.001 race | +9.37% |
| Peter Gnazzo | 2025 | 23:02.001 race | 25:19.001 race | +9.91% |
| Robinson Noble | 2021 | 22:02.001 race | 24:18.002 races | +10.29% |
| Harrison Huang | 2025 | 26:24.001 race | 29:13.001 race | +10.67% |
| John Fu | 2021 | 26:51.001 race | 29:55.001 race | +11.42% |
| Peter Leitzes | 2021 | 19:20.001 race | 22:03.002 races | +14.05% |
| Rinto Nakazawa | 2025 | 23:22.001 race | 26:49.001 race | +14.76% |
| John Brice | 2023 | 19:22.001 race | 22:47.001 race | +17.64% |
| George Yerid | 2025 | 21:38.001 race | 28:00.001 race | +29.43% |